I really love lots of dark earth-tone colors and various shades of gray. Its gonna be hanging on the wall along w a few of my photos in the The Edlin House as seen on HGTV Home Town Ellisville, MS ..#iliveinlaurel #hgtvhometown #hometown #waxrubbing #art pic.twitter.com/bdgApYp2yg. In 2012, Kevin co-wrote and produced "Crazy For You" with Ross Lynch, "Rooftops" with American Idol winner Kris Allen. He is also a songwriter and occasional multi-instrumentalist, who has played guitar for hire on recordings, showcases, and tours. Kadish's wife, Brandon Jane, is one-half of the duo Coldwater Jane. Connect with the definitive source for global and local news. Have a song written, but not sure where to go from there? He has worked on music with artists such as Curtis Holland Jr since 2016, Django Riders on hisFriction EP in 2019, Lady E and the Black Light on Wanderlust in 2018 and Kyle Bielfields Stopping By in 2013. [7] He also engineered and mixed The Cathedrals Family Reunion record. Fund and work on your project through our secure platform. Kevin Sullivan has served in key management and creative positions at some of the entertainment industry's most prominent companies and . Kevin co-wrote and produced the song "Try Try Try" for Universal Germany artist Michael Squire. I use a custom set of really heavy strings on it for that. Edlins familiar with such unorthodox tunings, having spent years in industrial metal outfit Cryogen Second, an act he left in July. KSTV, LLC. Mark McVey, The Jordanaires, Sandra Payne, Jessica King, Connie Smith, Russ Taff, Mark Lowry, Russ Lee, Bonnie Bramlett, Ben Tankard, Jerry Springer, Vassar Clements and Bryan Sutton. Kevin Edlin Music Producer Wikipedia and Age Kevin Edlin who is notable as a music maker is presently not highlighted on the Wikipedia page which makes us truly challenging to know the insights regarding him. Look no further! Kevin Kadish (born 1971) is an American songwriter and record producer. Kadish co-wrote and produced songs on their album Marionette.[9]. I really love lots of dark earth-tone colors and various shades of gray. He also has an outstanding reputation for his expertise in producing award winning videos. I have over 80 millions streams as a solo artist and outside cuts. Established Nashville songwriter, producer and session musician with Major Label Cuts and Production Credits. East Nashville. "Sublime distilling of southern grit." But Ive had it modified for a low, baritone tuning. Featured New Releases . Wiki, Biography, Age, Spouse, Net Worth, Fast Facts, Who Is Xolela Masebeni ABSA? All things considered, he is likewise a Grammy-designated recording engineer who at present lives in East Nashville. Sharing East Nashville sensibilities with the world since 2010. Notes Live is a rapidly growing hospitality and entertainment company comprised of a pre-eminent team of professionals. In 2007 Ward received his first Dove Award for production of the song, "Flyin' High" by The Lewis Family. Kevin McManus at Oak Valley Studios in North Nashville. Select from premium Blackwood Bros of the highest quality. Therefore, he is well versed in multi-track rock and pops studio recording, live multi-track, and broadcast as well. A workaholic television producer receives a visit from her recently-deceased mentor, who warns her that her current path leads to a dark future. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the second best-selling song of 2014 in Australia and the eighth best-selling song in Germany and the UK.The song received two more nominations at the . Kevin Edlin, a grammy nominated recording engineer, has been away from the area for a while and now resides in Nashville. I've accumulated millions of streams across multiple platforms from my artist project and I can bring the same level of quality to your song. [3] Together they started Haun and Ward Entertainment and quickly signed Janet Paschal and The Lewis Family. Among the many awards bestowed on Kevin are Video of the Year 1987, a 1994 Emmy Award, 1997 Producer of the Year, 1997 Engineer of the Year, 1998 Engineer of the Year, 2000 Engineer of the Year, 2001 Engineer of the Year, and 2002 Engineer of the Year Award!! Giancarlo Guerrero / Nashville Symphony: Technical Assistance : 2010 : Last Alaska Moon: Livingston Taylor: Assistant Engineer . Starting out, youll find yourself picking it up and playing when you should be doing something else, but youll play the guitar anyway because its just more fun. Let's make something we love! "Meghan Trainor on How She Became 2014's Most Unlikely Pop Star", "Meghan Trainor: 'Yeah, I'm getting flak for All About That Bass. ``It was common knowledge that Chuck controlled that chart, said Pennington, referring to a chart Cash Box devoted to independent-label artists. He co-wrote, produced, and mixed the 2014 multi-platinum single "All About That Bass" by Meghan Trainor which spent eight weeks at No. Restoring it from the run-down space that it was becoming was an easy decision and letting Erin and Ben head the project really paid off. I've worked with emerging artists like James Ghareeb and rely mostly on my taylor 210e, goya g-10 and casio px-160 for arranging tracks. From his net worth to everyday job, lets find out all about Kevin. 2003 - Present20 years. "My romance with the business of music was starting to take its toll on me," says the singer who first moved to Nashville in 2013. Erin and Ben Napier help a Laurel native, now a musician and music producer in Nashville, restore a cherished but deteriorating cabin that had belonged to his father. Let's make some music! In 1996, Ward moved to Nashville, Tennessee to work with his friend and mentor, Kevin McManus at Oak Valley Studios in North Nashville. He is well versed in multi-track rock and pop studio recording, live multi-track and . He contributed acoustic guitars and backing vocals, and co-wrote the Miley Cyrus song "Two More Lonely People" for her album Can't Be Tamed. Dollar Store Wedding Decor . His credits include the theme song for the Most Wanted List on the Sportsman Channel. Wiki, Biography, Age, Spouse, Net Worth, Fast Facts. Jobs People Learning Dismiss Dismiss. . Search by credits or 'sounds like' and check out audio samples and verified reviews of top pros. What do you have? I love to work with artists in the indie folk, singer-songwriter or pop realm looking for a hands on approach! . Helping to manage the company's flagship series, SMG4, into the 5 million subscriber channel it is today. KEVIN EDLIN. I'm a beat maker/composer that likes to make instrumentals for artist to rap or sing over. Need help? Featured music on MTV, CMT, and more. He has worked on music with artists such as Curtis Holland Jr since 2016, Django Riders on his "Friction " EP in 2019, Lady E and the Black Light on . Where to Watch or Stream A Nashville Legacy. Any references for the style or sound? About Kevin Veatch. (Devin Dawson, Kelleigh Bannen, Casey James). as Kevin emphasized. As heard in Starbucks and Nordstrom stores worldwide, Mary's work has also been featured in Rolling Stone, Billboard, and USA Today. He may be seeing someone yet at this point, there is no data. Has toured or worked with the likes of John Mayer, Maroon 5, Brett Young, Kip Moore, Cole Swindell and many others. I really enjoy chamber groups and small ensembles the best, things like string quartets and such probably because its more or less similar to working with a band.. Curb Appeal Makeovers. From those items, he taught himself how to multitrack and overdub instruments. Music Producer. Developed & Maintained by Laurel Mercantile Co. Creative Ways to Celebrate Valentine's Day. Bass guitar, acoustic and electric guitar, piano, keyboards and harmonica. I don't know about you guys, but I'd say this space is ready for some summer cookouts and a rainy day curled up with a good book! Producer, Engineer, Mixing, Recording Editor . We cant say their name. Let's turn your songs into radio-ready productions together! A Grammy Award-winning sound engineer was shot and killed by a SWAT team in Tennessee, hours after his wife and stepdaughter escaped their home and told authorities they'd been held against their will. Bedroom Paint Colors. Also in 2005, Kadish collaborated with singer/songwriter Jason Mraz on his sophomore album, Mr. A-Z, producing and writing both singles ("Wordplay" and "Geek in the Pink") For his work on this record, Kadish was nominated for Best Engineered Album at the 48th Grammy Awards in 2005. I can take your song to the next level. 1, Gershwin: Porgy & Bess [Original 1935 Production Version], Producer, Engineer, Mixing, Recording Editor. 2023 90 min TVGDrama, Mystery/Crime, Music, Romance, ComedyTV Movie. Payment is only released when work is complete. Erin and the design team took those ideas and made the whole place better than its ever been.". He graduated in 1993 with a B.S. Nashville, Tennessee. He also has an outstanding reputation for his expertise in producing award winning videos. The Nashville SC ownership group already includes Tennessee Titans running back Derrick Henry and actress and producer Reese Witherspoon. Kevin Edlin's resume would paint him as a freelance recording and live sound engineer, and an audio and recording engineer with Vanderbilt's Blair School of Music and the Schermerhorn Symphony Center and Nashville Symphony Orchestra. Separately, Silicon Ranch - a Nashville-based independent power producer - said this week that it has procured an additional 1.5 GW of advanced US-made thin film solar modules from First Solar. Looking good. [citation needed]. The team's principal owner, John Ingram, has family . Kevin Kadish (born 1971) is an American songwriter and record producer. In 2006 Ward and good friend, Nathan Adam (of multi-platinum Pro Tools[5]), wrote the book Pro Tools 9: The Mixer's Toolkit, both mixers were featured on Amazon[6] and Sweetwater Magazine. Sharon Pennington, a friend of Hughes, testified that the magazine was nicknamed ``Chuck Box, in reference to Dixon, who died in 2001. With a Grammy nomination in the books, he has made enough money to go onto Home Town and pay for significant renovation work. We've worked on Platinum, Grammy-nominated Records and Globally Viral Songs. The Ries Brothers (pronounced "Rees"), a duo from St Petersburg, FL, blend rock, blues, jam, funk, and reggae into a soulful-sophisticated sound. The song received two more nominations at the 57th Grammy Awards: Record of the Year and Song of the Year. Add to Playlist. Kevin Mcmanus. Born and raised in Baltimore, Kadish began playing guitar at the age of 13. (7) Andrew is an in-demand producer and musician in Nashville and has worked with artists such as Blessing Offor, Tenille Arts, Leah Turner, Brooke Eden, William Michael Morgan, Noah Schnacky, Chris Bandi, and more. His experience in the studio and producing events in enormous venues provides a backdrop for making the excellent choices for your multimedia needs. NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) . Kevin Bicks is a singer/songwriter who was in a relationship with Will Lexington. DAntonios lawyers tried to discredit Metzgar, saying he continued to work with Dixon for at least five years after Hughes death. By his calling, he may have more income than our assessment at this point. Itll start teaching you to listen and I mean really listen which will make you better. Albert 14 episodes, 2012-2015 Scott Reeves . 56, was arrested last year and charged with first-degree murder in the 1989 slaying of Kevin Hughes, 23, who worked for the now-defunct magazine Cash Box. It'll come for as long as the song lives', "IFPI publishes Digital Music Report 2015", "Most Viewed Videos of All Time (Over 100 million views)", "All About That Bass writer says he got $5,679 from 178m streams", "Coldwater Jane: News: MUSIC ROW Coldwater Jane single review", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Kadish&oldid=1130992673, "Take A Hint" Victorious Cast (feat. Robert Douglas Metzgar, a producer for . Kevin Edlin has showed up on HGTV property remodel series Hometown, leaving fans contemplating over his genuine income. If you know some information, please comment below. The 4th, Boats in Nashville, was recorded at the Rock House in Nashville by Grammy Award winning producer Kevin McKendree who also appears on the album playing piano and organ. The company owns and operates the Award Winning, 5 Star Bourbon Brothers Smokehouse and Tavern as well as Boot Barn Hall - the State-of-the-Art music and event center located in Colorado Springs, Colorado. In 2006, Kadish received the SOCAN award for his No.1 "Flawed Design" by Stabilo. We have no information about his girlfriend/boyfriend. Stay tuned. Among the many awards bestowed on Kevin are Video of the Year 1987, a 1994 Emmy Award, 1997 . Richard DAntonio, 56, was arrested last year and charged with first-degree murder in the 1989 slaying of Kevin Hughes, 23, who worked for the now-defunct magazine Cash Box. New on Thumbtack. Votes: 1,150 Greater Nashville Area. Nathan Chapman. My favorite guitar that I own right now is my white Gibson SG. Throughout the mid-1990s, Kadish toured the East Coast as a solo, acoustic artist, opening for Hall & Oates, Vertical Horizon, Dave Matthews Band, Jeff Beck, SR-71, Marcy Playground, Everything, and others. Find contact's direct phone number, email address, work history, and more. Back in the late 80s, music charts were compiled by hand rather than by computer _ making it easier to falsify the results. Most recent collaboration includes Ernie Hasse and Signature Sound, George Younce, Jason Crabb, Doug Anderson, Wayne Haun, Devin McGlamery,[10] The Perrys, Little Roy Lewis, Ryan Seaton, Ty Herndon, Sam Bush, The Prague Philharmonic Orchestra, Rhonda Vincent and Richie McDonald of Lonestar.[11][12][13]. From 70s style funk and rock & roll to classical crossover, Kevin has produced a range of music styles. Deadline? View Kevin So's business profile as Film Producer at Kevin So. Sign up for our newsletter and save 15% on your first order. I have both a gold and platinum record for my production work. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Vine Records Receives 9 DOVE Nominations", "Nominations Announced for 39th GMA Dove Awards", "2014 Absolutely Gospel Music Awards Winners", "2014 AGM Awards Handed Out - The Isaacs and Karen Peck & New River Named Big Winners", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Ward_(audio_engineer)&oldid=1119970913, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2014, BLP articles lacking sources from August 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Southern Gospel Music Guild (SGMG), Creative Support Award, Absolutely Gospel Music, Engineer of the Year, This page was last edited on 4 November 2022, at 11:38. The Estimated Net worth is $80K USD $85k. Hughes job involved tracking airplay of songs on radio stations, which he used to help determine chart position. Kevin is known to the world of recording as an expert engineer and producer. Nathan Chapman currently operates as a session musician who plays the guitar, banjo, and mandolin. As indicated by the source, it comes to realize that Kevin Edlin has additionally showed up on HGTV property remodel series Hometown, where he leaves fans contemplating over precisely the amount he procures. Kevin Edlin Recording, Producing, and Mixing, 2023 GRV Media Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Starting at 2022, he has an expected total assets of around $5Million to $10Million roughly. "Try Try Try" was the first single from Squire's upcoming debut album Your Love Grows in the Sunshine. The mothers name is Not Available. included recordings by Anthony Burger, Tony Rice, The Isaacs, Karen Peck and New River, George Beverly Shea, Bill Gaither, John Bowman and Ralph Stanley. Guitar Player. After graduating from Owings Mills High School, he attended Berklee College of Music and studied Film Scoring. Find Kevin Webb credit information on AllMusic AllMusic. I have worked with artists like Madison Mars, Carda, LNY TNZ, and have songs placed with Rayban, Facebook, HBO, Netflix, VH1 and more. He has also produced Gospel Music projects for most of todays popular artists including, The Crabb Family, The McGruders, The Lesters, Gold City, The Whisnants and the legendary Cathedrals, Hinsons and The Kingsmento name only a few! [4] Although Ward is most notably an engineer, his first Dove Award nomination was for songwriting. Learn all about Kevin Edlin on AllMusic. During his time with HearHere!, Ward recorded, produced, and/or mixed over 170 albums. With fond memories of growing up and hanging with his family there, keeping it close was really important to him. Ward began his musical career in 1991 at HearHere! John McCracken Music. Fathers name is Not Available. I just love [everything about] it. While he makes most of his bones these days behind the scenes, Edlin says that his rock n roll background still informs his classical work, and on a daily basis. Producer, Audio Production, Main Personnel, Guitar, Guitar (Steel) 2005 : The Red Dirt Album: Stoney LaRue: Main Personnel, Guitar (Acoustic), Guitar (Electric), Bouzouki . His Girlfriend/boyfriends name is Not Available. Switching things up from the light and bright atmosphere of The Helen House to the cozy, moody cabin in the woods this week. Called The Edlin House, Kevin thinks its the perfect place for a good jam session. What do you need done exactly? Despite the fact that he hasnt uncovered his real date of birth to any of the standard. His list of Southern Gospel and Country Music hits is significiant. Kevin has fond memories of growing up and hanging with his family here and so keeping it close was really important to him. I'll not only produce your song, but will arrange all the music! At the age of eleven, he discovered two cassette tape recorders. "[6][7], In 2015, Kadish worked with artists such as Garth Brooks, Daniel Powter, Miranda Lambert, O.A.R., A Great Big World, Jennifer Lopez, Fifth Harmony, Steven Tyler (Aerosmith), and others. I am currently producing/engineering and playing guitar on a new record featuring bass legend Jeff Berlin, Sammy Hagar from Van Halen, Alex Lifeson and Geddy Lee . Long collaborated on an album through Vine Records with longtime friends, Roy Lewis and the legendary Earl Scruggs. He is also one of the most successful and best-known music producers currently operating in Nashville. -NPR Music. Pennington said Hughes ``was making a real earnest attempt to make it a legitimate chart.. It was a "knock out of the park!" Contact pros directly with your project details and receive handcrafted proposals and budgets in a flash. Kevin Edlin, a grammy nominated recording engineer, has been away from the area for a while and now resides in Nashville. Or in Kevin's world, a good jam session. WATCH HOME TOWN ON HGTV EVERY SUNDAY AT 8/7C, AND GET FREAKY WITH US ON INSTAGRAM AND FACEBOOK, Photo by Meggan Haller for The Washington Post via Getty Images. They are in relation from previous few years of a strong relationship. And finally, heres a clip four of four. Nominated as Local Male Artist of the Year by New England Country Music in 2017 & 2018, Kevin has worked with Grammy nominated producer Jack Gauthier at Lakewest Studios and with Nashville producers Dustin Kirkendall and Maks Gabriel. Anything else? I'm a Pop Producer/Mixing Engineer/Multi-Instrumentalist with a studio in Nashville. | Photo Credit: Connor Vaughan Morss. I'm a multiple Billboard & Beatport Top 10 Charting Producer, Veteran Engineer and Musical Innovator. He co-wrote, produced, and mixed the 2014 multi-platinum single "All About That Bass" by Meghan Trainor which spent eight weeks at No. I have had 12 number 1's so far and am looking for ways to expand my portfolio of music. SoundBetter is a curated marketplace of the worlds top music production talent. Their music can be found on iTunes, Spotify, Amazon Music, and . As an audio and recording engineer at Vanderbilts Blair School of Music and the Schermerhorn Symphony Center and Nashville Symphony Orchestra, he is mainly self-employed and gets most of his income from making music. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. I'm a Nashville based singer/songwriter, guitarist, vocalist, mixer signed to BMG Nashville. Ward was born in Anniston, Alabama, a small town between Atlanta and Birmingham. Nashville, TN (February 24, 2023)In the wake of the unexpected passing of Nashville engineer Bil VornDick last year, the studio legend's collection of vintage and modern recording equipment has gone to auction on the specialist online marketplace, ANALOGr.Proceeds will go to the VornDick family, and will additionally fund a contribution to . This button displays the currently selected search type. Paso Robles, Calif. - February 27, 2023 - As he enters the third week of his nearly sold-out Spring U.S. Tour, three-time GRAMMY-nominated guitarist and 25x Billboard chart-topper Joe Bonamassa has announced a handful of additional performances for 2023, including a stop at Vina Robles Amphitheatre, Wednesday, August 2, at 8PM. He co-wrote and produced "End of the World" for A Great Big World's second album When the Morning Comes, released November 13, 2015. Here to complete the instrumentation on your tracks and mix. But my first electric guitar was a red, Japanesemade Stratocaster that was given to me by my Dad out of the blue one day. Will, still closeted, fights his attraction to Kevin, although Kevin suspects that Will might be gay. Nice. On top of that, what happened to the Ben and Erin Napier-inspired home? Award winning Songwriter/Producer (Faith Hill/Leann Rimes/Emerson Hart) with 20 years experience in producing, mixing and writing Pop and Country hits. Kevin Edlin Net Worth: How Much Does He Earn? Nominated as Local Male Artist of the Year by New England Country Music multiple times, Kevin has worked with Grammy nominated producer Jack Gauthier at Lakewest Studios and with Nashville producers Dustin Kirkendall and Maks Gabriel. In 2012 Ward was also nominated for the Dove Awards Urban Album of The Year after producing Change The Atmosphere by The Christ Tabernacle Choir of Queens, New York. Now, his relationship is perfect. animated film Robots. Find Kevin Webb credit information on AllMusic. Recording Engineer. in Music Management. But if you ask him, Edlin will tell you that he is first and foremost a guitarist. If you are looking to hire a top level professional Producer or Mixer so that your music can compete on a global scale, look no further. Australia Radio #1 GRV Media Ltd, 18 Mulberry Avenue, Widnes. Kevin Edlin is a Nashville-based recording engineer, music maker, and guitar player also. After several weeks and . Herchen enjoys connecting with fans, playing venues throughout New England and the East Coast, as a solo, acoustic artist and with The Kevin Herchen Band. Hi, I'm Kelby. At this point, Kevin Edlin hasnt shared his conjugal status. And when I was able to pick out the parts to songs I loved and play along, there was suddenly this whole other connection. During this time he met producer, arranger, and future Vine records partner, Wayne Haun. Welcome to the coolest, coziest cabin in the woods- The Edlin House! Continue when ready. The show sees the married couple help various clients, from singletons to elderly grandparents hoping to move closer to their family. Younger brother Kevin Jordan (24) completes the band . She wanted to be full on country, Loretta Lynn style, with boots, fringe and cowboy hats, but was swayed by producers to dress elegantly and sophisticated to . Who: Pittsburgh Penguins (29-21-9, 67 points, 5th place Metropolitan Division) @ Nashville Predators (29-22-6, 64 points, 5th place Central Division) When : 8:00 p.m. eastern How to Watch : AT&T Sportsnet Pittsburgh in the Western PA market, Bally Sports South for Preds fans The late Nashville studio great, Bil VornDick. ABOUT US. KEVIN SO, SINGER SONGWRITER, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE Kevin is currently in the studio working on his next album. Lynda Carter (Wonder Woman), Deana carter country singer, BR 549, Music Producer. In 1991, Kadish transferred from Berklee to the University of Maryland, College Park where he designed his own major, Music Management, through the Individual Studies Department. STAR 99.9 is looking for the next passionate, open, digital-savvy, connected talent to join the soon-to-be-rebranded Kevin and (Your Name Here) Show as co-host and . Kevin Edlin is a Nashville based recording engineer, music producer, and guitar player. But if you ask him, Edlin will tell you that he is first and foremost a guitarist. Subsequently, he is knowledgeable in multi-track rock and pops studio recording, live multi-track, and broadcast too. Let me know if I missed anything! Specializing in Producing: Country Music / Organic Pop / Band Music His song, "Teach Me To Love Like That (Lord Song)," was nominated for a Dove Award as Bluegrass Song of The Year in 1998. As a survivor of the tragic, Station Nightclub Fire in his hometown of West Warwick, RI, February 20, 2003, Herchen's mindset has shifted to living life with more purpose and gratitude. Also, we have no information about his son and daughter. He hasnt shared any data at this point with the general population. Kevin Edlin is a Nashville-based recording engineer, music maker, and guitar player also. Ward also worked on music for the film, The Last of The Mohicans. Both were career-starting albums from The Browders. I put punk rock stickers all over it. Kevin Edlin appeared on HGTV property renovation series Home Town, leaving fans pondering over exactly how much he earns. We have no more Information about his Father; we will try to collect information and update soon. Kadish co-wrote this song with Jason Mraz for the album We Sing. The masked gunman who killed Hughes outside a recording studio also wounded country singer Sammy Sadler, who testified that he had songs on the chart without performing or selling any of his records. Dismiss . Here are 11 of the top music producers in Nashville: 1. Kevin Edlin is a Grammy-nominated recording engineer who currently lives in East Nashville. With enough space for four guests, anyone can actually stay at the residency themselves for $125 a per night, as seen on Airbnb. The music producer and guitar player has been a voting member of the Recording Academy for 12 years. This little beauty nestled on the outskirts of Laurel, has been in his family for a long time. Rock the Block. Wedding Weekend. Ward also produced The Message (which earned 5 number 1 songs), and Time Machine (2 number 1 songs). He pushed for the company to branch out into alternate forms of content, eventually creating the 3D animated series: Meta Runner, Sunset Paradise, Murder Drones . How do you feed your family? I think its important to learn in lots of different ways. Finalists for the 2023 Top Producer of the Year Award include: Engle Family Farms, Kevin Engle, Hanover, Va. MoDak Dairy, Greg, James and Jacob Moes, Goodwin, S.D. The company has also signed country artist Jake Rose who is currently on tour across the country with various country acts.