list of dictatorship countries list of dictatorship countries

Bettmann Archive / Getty Images. [107] Dictatorships are often recipients of foreign aid on the condition that they make advances toward democratization. With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres, 90% of which is desert, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Arab world and Africa and on the Mediterranean. This violence is frequently exercised through institutions such as military or police forces. The . Typically, dictators rise to power when a nation faces significant social issues, such as strong economic crises or unrest among the nation's people. For democracies, it categorizes them into three types: parliamentary, semi-presidential and presidential democracies. [1]:70. [141] Should a dictatorship fail, elections also permit dictators and elites to accept defeat without fearing violent recourse. [144] Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition is allowed to participate in elections but is not allowed to win, with approximately two-thirds of dictatorships permitting opposition candidates in 2018. China - Communist Regime 4. Parties that take power through violence are often able to implement larger changes in a shorter period of time. [87], The decolonisation of Africa prompted the creation of new governments, many of which became dictatorships in the 1960s and 1970s. Organized opposition is a threat to the stability of a dictatorship, as it seeks to undermine public support for the dictator and calls for regime change. Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. The authors acknowledged that the last rule is more complicated to implement, but stated that it helps researchers to control potential errors and removes subjective judgement from the classification. Its goal is to force compliance by demobilizing or annihilating actors of opposition. The predominance of violent force in military training manifests in an acceptance of violence as a political tool and the ability to organize violence on a large scale. [9] Political philosopher Hannah Arendt describes totalitarianism as a new and extreme form of dictatorship composed of "atomized, isolated individuals" in which ideology plays a leading role in defining how the entire society should be organized. Binary measure of democracy and dictatorship, Six-fold regime classification scheme and its rules, Comparison with other democracy-measuring data sets, Studies in Comparative International Development, "Minimalist Conception of Democracy: A Defense", Przeworski, Alvarez, Cheibub, and Limongi: Democracy and development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracy-Dictatorship_Index&oldid=1141715357, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from February 2023, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Far-left and far-right dictatorships used similar methods to maintain power, including cult of personality, concentration camps, forced labour, mass murder, and genocide. [45] Although, when it comes to polling and elections a dictator could use his power to override private preferences. This article focuses on the five communist countries that are still adherent to Marxism-Leninism. This may be ensured through incentives, such as distribution of financial resources or promises of security, or it may be through repression, in which failing to support the regime is punished. [105] To maintain power, Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet organized Operation Condor with other South American dictators to facilitate cooperation between their respective intelligence agencies and secret police organizations. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. First is that an autocracy nearly always focuses power in a single individual person, whereas dictatorshipssingle-party dictatorships in particularsometimes spread the power throughout a small group of people (say, the leaders of the dictator's political party). A political rival accused Obiang of cannibalism in 2004, but no evidence to support the claim has ever surfaced. Many dictatorships are also characterized by corruption, nepotism, and a cult of personality around the leader. A presidential democracy has a government that does not need the majority support of a legislature to stay in power. [26], A dictatorship may fall because of a military coup, foreign intervention, negotiation, or popular revolution. But by 1995, all the countries in the region, with the notable . This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 12:26. [90] These new African governments were marked by severe instability, which provided opportunities for regime change and made fair elections a rare occurrence on the continent. The dictator of Italy from 1925 to 1945, Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919. It has a population of approximately 31 million people, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. Dominant-party dictatorships or electoral authoritarian dictatorships are one-party dictatorships in which opposition parties are nominally legal but cannot meaningfully influence government. [24], Military dictatorships often have traits in common due to the shared background of military dictators. Many are noted for their cruelty, while others are honored as national heroes. A dictator has the ability to make decisions that will have an impact on the people in many ways, and the worse part is, the people do not consent to being ruled. Adolf Hitler - 1889-1945. Francois Duvalier (1907 - 1971) The Haitian dictator, also known as Papa Doc, governed the Americas' poorest country from 1957 to he died in 1971. Many countries which are seen as otherwise democratic are dictatorships because there has yet to be an alternation in power since their incumbent government has never lost an election. Political scientists such as Juan Jos Linz and Samuel P. Huntington identify key attributes that define the power structure of a dictatorship, including a single leader or a small group of leaders, the exercise of power with few limitations, limited political pluralism, and limited mass mobilization. Albania - Communist Regime 3. A semi-presidential (mixed) democracy has a government that needs the majority of support from a legislature to exist and whose head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. He assumed office in August 1979 and has remained in power since then. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. [8]:465 Some countries, such as Greece and Bulgaria, stipulate who the head of state chooses as head of government. Rodrigo Duterte (Philippines) Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the legally, directly-elected President of the Philippines and leading member of the PDP-Laban party. This type of vote is termed a constructive vote of no confidence. [8]:457, The DD dataset is limited to 199 countries after 1946, whereas Boix, Miller, & Rosato, 2013 proposed a data set from 1800 to 2007, covering 219 countries. Types. [1]:68 The figures at the left show the results in 1988 and 2008. [28] Due to the structure of their leadership, one-party dictatorships are significantly less likely to face civil conflict, insurgency, or terrorism than other forms of dictatorship. REUTERS/Myo Kyaw Soe. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. The terms "autocrat" and "autocracy" are often used interchangeably with "dictator" and "dictatorship". They differ from other forms of dictatorships in that the dictator has greater access to key political positions and the government's treasury, and they are more commonly subject to the discretion of the dictator. A Roman dictator was a special magistrate that was temporarily appointed by the consul during times of crisis and granted total executive authority. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator.Politics in a dictatorship are controlled by the dictator and facilitated through an inner circle of elites that include advisers, generals, and other high-ranking officials. A dictator that has concentrated significant power is more likely to be exiled, imprisoned, or killed after ouster, and accordingly they are more likely to refuse negotiation and cling to power. The dictatorship was revived 120 years later by Sulla after his crushing of a populist movement, and 33 years after that by Julius Caesar. Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. [98], During World War II, many countries of Central and Eastern Europe had been occupied by the Soviet Union. Argentina and Mexico are the countries with Dictatorship as a government form. Photo: Lars Klove. Many countries today are still under a dictatorship, including: Cambodia China North Korea Russia And many more! Dictatorships have shallow levels of freedom. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. He took control of the nation in 1973 after leading a coup that deposed elected leftist leader Salvador Allende. African Dictators and "Which country has a dictatorship as its form of leadership?" [107] The development of the internet and digital communication in the 21st century have prompted dictatorships to shift from traditional means of control to digital ones, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze mass communications, internet censorship to restrict the flow of information, and troll farms to manipulate public opinion. Ruling parties allow a dictatorship to more broadly influence the populace and facilitate political agreement between party elites. This instability in turn required rulers to become increasingly authoritarian to stay in power, further propagating dictatorship in Africa. This world dictators list has everyone from Adolf Hitler to Kim Jong Un to many lesser-known rulers. Sudan - 1989 to 2019 - Omar al-Bashir. [50] Monarchies allow for strict rules of succession that produce a peaceful transfer of power on the monarch's death, but this can also result in succession disputes if multiple members of the royal family claim a right to succeed. People who are for dictatorship say it provides for a more stable government, helps abolish corruption, and is more efficient in emergencies. In oligarchies, the threat of a military coup comes from the strength of the military weighed against the concessions made to the military. If the head of state serves for life or is not popularly elected or a fixed term, then the democracy is parliamentary.[1]. Between 1967 and 1991, 12 Latin American countries underwent at least one military coup, with Haiti and Honduras experiencing three and Bolivia experiencing eight. Some of the principal drivers of indoctrination are mass education policies, propaganda, and censorship. The 10 most capitalist nations in the world Samantha Menzies 22 February 2016, 7:39 pm The 10 most capitalist nations in the world Capitalism is thriving in many parts of the world, with the list. The totalitarian dictatorship of Adolf Hitler in Germany , from 1933 to 1945. whether a majority vote in the legislature can remove the sitting government without cause. " Just like a dictatorship, an autocracy is a government headed by a single ruler (the autocrat) whose decisions are not subject to legal restraints and who exercises unlimited and undisputed power. The economic focus of a dictatorship often depends on the strength of the opposition, as a weaker opposition allows a dictator to extract additional wealth from the economy through corruption.[125]. President Vladimir Putin is currently serving his fourth term as President of Russia. [82], Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party created a second fascist dictatorship in Germany in 1933,[83] obtaining absolute power through a combination of electoral victory, violence, and emergency powers. In the latter half of the 20th century, Latin America witnessed a rise in authoritarian regimes across the expanse of the regionoften with multiple dictators following different political . 2. There must be more than one party competing in the elections. The group may be military or political, it may be organized or disorganized, and it may disproportionately represent a certain demographic. The totalitarian dictatorship in the People's Republic of China , from 1949 to the present. Duterte is the perfect example of a . Synonyms for DICTATORSHIP: tyranny, autocracy, fascism, authoritarianism, totalitarianism, despotism, absolutism, autarchy; Antonyms of DICTATORSHIP: democracy . [115], The Middle East and Northern Africa did not undergo liberalization during the third wave of democratisation, and most countries in this region remain dictatorships in the 21st century. [85] After being defeated in World War II, the far-right dictatorships of Europe collapsed, with the exceptions of Spain and Portugal. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. This is thanks to an oil boom that enriched his family at the expense of the Equatorial Guinea citizens. [54][55] The concept of "dictator" was first developed during the Roman Republic. [126] Four strategies of political control commonly employed by dictatorships are repression, indoctrination, coercive distribution, and infiltration. The legislature must be popularly elected. Dictators are more likely to implement long-term investments into the country's economy if they feel secure in their power.