[Abraham] said to him: If so, shall I worship the wind, which scatters the clouds? Nebuchadnezzar: The Man Who Became a Beast - The Leap of Faith 9. Archaeology has shown that Babylons history goes backsurprise, surpriseto c. 2300 b.c.e. For other uses, see, Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback, Depending on how the text is read, "Calneh" may be the fourth city name in this enumeration, or it may be part of an expression meaning "all of them in Shinar". The spectacular stone monument clearly shows the Tower and King Nebuchadnezzar II, who ruled Babylon some 2,500 years ago. 15 Lib. Diodorus Siculus calls the Chaldeans the most ancient inhabitants of Babylonia, and assigns to their astrologers a similar position to that of the Egyptian priests. ], but he did not finish its head; from the lapse of time it had become ruined the rain and wet had penetrated into the brickwork; the casing of burnt brick had bulged out Merodach, my great lord, inclined my heart to repair the building. He called upon Sasan the weaver and commanded him to make him a crown like it, which he set jewels on and wore. Clio. , . Nimrod, Mighty Hunter and King - Who Was He? - TheTorah.com At a young age, Abraham recognizes God and starts worshipping him. The Tower of Babel Stele is a black ceremonial stone, about 50 centimeters (20 inches) tall, discovered just over a century ago among the ruins of the city of Babylon. A herald is then said to have appeared in the land announcing "the coming of Abraham". , : ? 4 Among the evil dictators in recent history, Saddam stands unique in his insatiable lust and selfish preoccupation with his own power and glory. I did not change its site, nor did I destroy its foundation platform; but, in a fortunate month, and upon an auspicious day, I undertook the rebuilding I set my hand to build it up, and to finish its summit. THE ANCESTORS AND SUCCESSORS OF NEBUCHADNEZZAR. The association with Erech (Sumero-Akkadian Uruk), a city that lost its prime importance around 2000 BC as a result of struggles between Isin, Ur, Larsa and Elam, also attests the early provenance of the stories of Nimrod. 7 Facts You Didn't Know about Nimrod in the Bible - Crosswalk Who is responsible for the death of Jesus Christ. 2. A small handful of artifacts, however, help show an interesting link between Nebuchadnezzar and the biblical colossus. Its temples and its palaces had become so encrusted in the soil during eight centuries of men, that Strabo knows it only as a waste, and Tacitus treats it as a Castellum; and in the thirteenth century of our era, Abulfaragius confirms the prophecy of Nahum and the narrative of Tacitus, by recording nothing but the existence of a small fortification on the eastern bank of the Tigris. In David Rohl's theory, Enmerkar, the Sumerian founder of Uruk, was the original inspiration for Nimrod, because the story of Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta[45] bears a few similarities to the legend of Nimrod and the Tower of Babel, and because the -KAR in Enmerkar means "hunter". Nebuchadnezzar's armies destroy the Phoenician settlement at Tel Kabri. Etemenanki was the central tower in later Babylon, and Eurmeiminanki was the Borsippa tower described earlier, located about 11 miles away. In Jeremiah, (Jeremiah 39:3-13,) the president of the priests belonged to the highest class in the kingdom, and is called gmbr, rab-mag, a word of Persian origin, and clearly applicable to the office as described by Daniel. the sun god, and Anaita, the goddess of fertilitysimilar to Nimrod/Tammuz and Semiramis, the old Babylonian Mystery Religiongrew in popularity until . Related Topics: Ezekiel' s Prophecies . The commentaries on this Surah offer a wide variety of embellishments of this narrative, one of which by Ibn Kathir, a 14th-century scholar, adding that Nimrod showed his rule over life and death by killing a prisoner and freeing another. Two other sections of the Quran narrate Abraham's dialogues with Nimrod and his people, specifically around the verses of Sura al-Anbiya 21:68 and Sura al-Ankabut 29:34, where Abraham was thrown in the fire but emerged unharmed through God's mercy. Nimrod has not been attested in any historic, non-biblical registers, records or king lists, including those of Mesopotamia itself. [16] Both the Huns' and Magyars' historically attested skill with the recurve bow and arrow are attributed to Nimrd. Some accounts have a gnat or mosquito enter Nimrod's brain and drive him out of his mind (a divine retribution which Jewish tradition also assigned to the Roman Emperor Titus, destroyer of the Temple in Jerusalem). Birs Cylinders Ancient scribes have also endorsed the idea that Nimrod was the world's first conqueror. When Abraham went into the furnace and survived, Haran was asked: "Whose [follower] are you?" The limited space necessarily allowed for illustrating these Lectures, must be our apology for merely indicating where valuable information is to be obtained. [24], Whether or not conceived as having ultimately repented, Nimrod remained in Jewish and Islamic tradition an emblematic evil person, an archetype of an idolater and a tyrannical king. Prophet after prophet recognizes its surpassing opulence, its commercial greatness, and its deep criminality. Thus, according to Diodorus Siculus, Belesys was the chief president of the priests, "whom the Babylonians call Chaldeans,", ,) the president of the priests belonged to the highest class in the kingdom, and is called. More on those discoveries can be read here. This article is about the biblical king. regaled in the Bible as God's "shepherd" and "His anointed" (Isaiah 44:28-45:13), was not the same caliber of man as Nebuchadnezzar. However, this traditional identification of the cities built by Nimrod in Genesis is no longer accepted by modern scholars, who consider them to be located in Sumer, not Syria. who uses precisely the same expression, recording its circumference as four hundred and eighty stadia, with high and broad walls. 9 See Dicaearch. c. 575 BCE. And the wall cylinders had an interesting story to tell. The 16th-century Hungarian prelate Nicolaus Olahus claimed that Attila took for himself the title of Descendant of the Great Nimrod. 12 Diodorus Siculus calls the Chaldeans the most ancient inhabitants of Babylonia, and assigns to their astrologers a similar position to that of the Egyptian priests. A notable example is "Quando el Rey Nimrod" ("When King Nimrod"), one of the most well-known folksongs in Ladino (the Judeo-Spanish language), apparently written during the reign of King Alfonso X of Castile. He also gradually changed the government into tyranny, seeing no other way of turning men from the fear of God, but to bring them into a constant dependence on his power. ap. [32][33][34], According to Mujahid ibn Jabr, "Four people gained control over the Earth, east and west, two believers and two disbelievers. Other than the Lee letter and the Tressell novel, the first recorded use of "nimrod" in this meaning was in 1932. Nimrod is thus given attributes of two archetypal cruel and persecuting kings - Nebuchadnezzar and Pharaoh. "Nimrod" is spelled: nun-mem-reish-vav-dalet. Therefore is the name of it called Babel; because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth . Historians, Orientalists, Assyriologists and mythographers have long tried to find links between the Nimrod of biblical texts and real historically attested figures in Mesopotamia. [41] Hislop attributed to Semiramis and Nimrod the invention of polytheism and, with it, goddess worship, and that their incestuous male offering was Tammuz. 11 See Eichhorn's Report. [39], Alexander Hislop, in his tract The Two Babylons (1853), identified Nimrod with Ninus (also unattested anywhere in Mesopotamian king lists), who according to Greek mythology was a Mesopotamian king and husband of Queen Semiramis,[40] with a whole host of deities throughout the Mediterranean world, and with the Persian Zoroaster. Unfortunately, certain scholars have used Nebuchadnezzars Tower of Babel Stele to say that the tower Nebuchadnezzar built became the inspiration for the Israelites tower of Babel storythat it was from this late, c. 600 b.c.e. Surely a significant linguistic event must have happened in order for Borsippa to receive its unique name? The 10th-century Muslim historian Masudi recounts a legend making the Nimrod who built the tower to be the son of Mash, the son of Aram, son of Shem, adding that he reigned 500 years over the Nabateans. As translated above, Nebuchadnezzar literally calls this monument the Tower of Babylon. Nebuchadnezzar ii is one of the most infamous kings of the Bible. [20], In Jewish and Islamic traditions, a confrontation between Nimrod and Abraham is said to have taken place. Several of these early Judaic sources also assert that the king Amraphel, who wars with Abraham later in Genesis, is none other than Nimrod himself. Ed., 1848. 14 De Divinat., lib. From the Cyropaedia (Book 7:24) we ascertain that the Syriac was the ordinary language of Babylon. George Syncellus (c. 800) also had access to Berossus, and he too identified the also historically unattested Euechoios with the biblical Nimrod. Some stories bring them both together in a cataclysmic collision, seen as a symbol of the confrontation between Good and Evil, or as a symbol of monotheism against polytheism. In the New Monthly Magazine for August and September 1845, there are two articles very full of illustration of our subject, by W. F. Ainsworth, entitled, The Rivers and Cities of Babylonia. The fascinating account on the cylinderseither translationmatches beautifully with the biblical record, found in Genesis 11:4, 6-9 (King James Version): And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven . This towera type of the famous Mesopotamian religious zigguratshad been heavily repaired during the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar. . He was allegedly the first king to wear a crown. (Simon Kzai, personal "court priest" of King Ladislaus the Cuman, in his Gesta Hungarorum, 12821285. The Hebrew text states that he was a mighty hunter before the Lord. The identification with Ninus follows that of the Clementine Recognitions; the one with Zoroaster, that of the Clementine Homilies, both works part of Clementine literature. Accounts considered canonical place the building of the Tower many generations before Abraham's birth (as in the Bible, also Jubilees); however in others, it is a later rebellion after Nimrod failed in his confrontation with Abraham. The king answers, "I give life and cause death". [citation needed], In some versions, Nimrod then challenges Abraham to battle. 10 The lunar year was in common use, but the solar year, with its division of months similar to the Egyptian, was employed for astronomical purposes. de Urb. Abraham said to him: Shall I then worship the water, which puts off the fire! Nimrod himself bore the DNA of the "giants," the "mighty ones" who descended from the Nephilim (Genesis 6:4). [35], In 1920, J. D. Prince also suggested a possible link between the Lord (Ni) of Marad and Nimrod. Nebuchadnezzar II - Wikipedia 16, and Euseb. Dyn., p. 604. This victory at Ragau, or Rhages, occurred A.C. 634, just "fifty-seven years after the loss of Sennacherib's army." It has only recently been restudied, and the conclusions have led to great excitement in the scientific community, along with a corresponding video production by the Smithsonian Channel reexamining the authenticity of the Tower of Babel story. Other versions have Nimrod give to Abraham, as a conciliatory gift, the giant slave Eliezer, whom some accounts describe as Nimrod's own son (the Bible also mentions Eliezer as Abraham's majordomo, though not making any connection between him and Nimrod). Saddam -- Babylon's Last Dictator - Chabad.org Subscribe to receive updates and articles from the. They are not mentioned by name again in the books of Scripture till many centuries afterwards they had become a mighty nation. [17], The hunter god or spirit Nyyrikki, figuring in the Finnish Kalevala as a helper of Lemminkinen, is associated with Nimrod by some researchers and linguists.[18]. "For this reason people who knew nothing about it, said that a crown came down to him from heaven." : . Nebuchadnezzar II builds the Ishtar Gate and great walls of Babylon. It was in this area that Nimrod was born, and would eventually depart from to establish the following important "Middle Eastern" Biblical cities (Genesis 10:10):. His "kingdom" comprised Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Sinar, otherwise known as the land of Nimrod (Gen. x. [2]According to K. van der Toorn and P. W. van der Horst, this tradition is first attested in the writings of Pseudo-Philo. The phrase of Jonah, "that great city," is amply confirmed by the historian, Diodorus Siculus, (lib. Stephan. [citation needed] Some Jewish traditions also identified him with Cyrus, whose birth according to Herodotus was accompanied by portents, which made his grandfather try to kill him. The next king mentioned in Scriptures is Tiglath-Pileser, whose name we have lately connected with Pul and Ashur; and after him follow Shalmaneser, Sennacherib, and Esarhaddon, the three kings who are thought to have built the palace at Khorsabad, founded Mespila, and constructed the lions in the south-west palace of Nimroud. The sarcastic moniker was used towards the foreman (named Hunter) of a gang of workmen as a play both on his surname and on his supposed religious beliefs and sense of self-importance. Cyclop., Art. It was built of burnt brick, cemented together with mortar, made of bitumen, that it might not be liable to admit water. Real Questions. Titus, Nebuchadnezzar, and Nimrod in the adth and Midrash Aggadah Narratives of Villainy: Titus, Nebuchadnezzar, and Nimrod in the adth and midrash aggadah Shari L. Lowin Much has been written on the similarities between the narratives of the shared founding fathers of Judaism and Islam. The Bible Knowledge Commentary of the O.T., edited by Walvoord and Zuck, 1985, p. 1344, gives this chronological history of the time between Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar.. Nebuchadnezzar died in 562 B.C. You can read about them in our article The Tower of Babel: Just a Bible Story?, The Babylonian kings account of the biblical colossus, The Schyen Collection MS 2063, Oslo and London, Smithsonian Channel/Christian News Network. Borsippa is also commonly known as Birs Nimrud, due to the strong traditional connection with Nimrod. In the Recognitions (R 4.29), one version of the Clementines, Nimrod is equated with the legendary Assyrian king Ninus, who first appears in the Greek historian Ctesias as the founder of Nineveh. From this opinion we entirely dissent. Nimrod therefore orders the killing of all newborn babies. 2023 [The Bible, Genesis 11:28, mentions Haran predeceasing Terach, but gives no details.]|. His ancestors were largely concerned in the overthrow of the Assyrian empire. Several ruins of the Middle East have been named after him.[3]. Titus, Nebuchadnezzar, and Nimrod in the adth and Midrash Aggadah The voice of Zephaniah is soon followed by the sword of Arbaces, and Sennacherib and Sardanapalus are eclipsed by the rising greatness of Nabopolassar and Cyaxares. 6 Volume 2, chapter 1., Babylon, p. 147, Eng. Timeline Search. [citation needed], In some versions, Nimrod repents and accepts God, offering numerous sacrifices that God rejects (as with Cain). [10] Versions of this story are again picked up in later works such as Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius (7th century AD). [Nimrod] told him: Worship the Fire! Nebuchadnezzar was a powerful king of Babylon who reigned from about 605 BC until around 562 BC.As a conqueror of Jerusalem and an architect of Jewish captiv. I built their structures with bitumen and baked brick throughout. Hist. 6 chapter. Trans. He argues that: The biblical Nimrod, then, is not a total counterpart of any one historical character. Nebuchadnezzar's first notable act was the overthrow of . Nebuchadnezzar was a reincarnation of Nimrod, and the statue was a "reincarnation" of the Tower of Babel. Modern Babylon. According to chapter. He is particularly known for the destruction of Jerusalem in the sixth century b.c.e., and for his relationship with the Prophet Daniel. 3 section. He would suffer with this affliction for 7 years, until one day when he looked up to heaven and gave God the glory. After several centuries of rivalry between various Sumerian city-states such as Ur, Uruk, Lagash and Umma, the rulers of the city of Kish managed to establish supremacy over much of southern Mesopotamia. Did Nimrod or Nebuchadnezzar build the Tower of Babel? (2023) One thing Nebuchadnezzar isnt generally known for, though, is a link with the tower of Babelthe attempt by Nimrod to build a tower up to heaven, dashed by Gods confounding of the languages (Genesis 11). Strabo also informs us that the same language was used throughout all the regions on the banks of the Euphrates. Nimrod and the Archaeology of the Tower of Babel by Steven Rudd - Bible George Rawlinson believed Nimrod was Belus, based on the fact Babylonian and Assyrian inscriptions bear the names Bel-Nibru. Hengstenberg has tested the historical truthfulness of the author of this book, by comparing his account of the Chaldean priest-caste with those of profane history. 12. section. 16 p. 737. 2:48, the president of this caste was also a prince of the province of Babylon. And the Babylonian kingdom continued until it fell to the Medes and Persians in 539 BC. Our aim is to share the Word and be true to it. However, in another version, the Homilies (H 9:46), Nimrod is made to be the same as Zoroaster. The records of succeeding ages are too few to enable us to follow the stream of history: we have nothing to guide us but myths, and legends, and traditionary sovereigns, whose names are but the fictions of imagination. The much later editors of the Book of Genesis dropped much of the original story and mistakenly misidentified and mistranslated the Mesopotamian Kish with the "Hamitic" Cush, there being no ancient geographical, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, genetic or historical connection between Cush (in modern northern Sudan) and Mesopotamia.[49]. Putting aside the diagrams, location debates and Nebuchadnezzars handsome portrait, the most significant part of Nebuchadnezzars rediscovered memorials is the rich textual history, which does indeed closely parallel the biblical account of the earliest Babylonian memories at an original tower of Babel. More recently, Sumerologists have suggested additionally connecting both this Euechoios, and the king of Babylon and grandfather of Gilgamos who appears in the oldest copies of Aelian (c. 200 AD) as Euechoros, with the name of the founder of Uruk known from cuneiform sources as Enmerkar. The Babylonian Talmud (Gittin 56b) attributes Titus's death to an insect that flew into his nose and picked at his brain for seven years in a repetition of another legend referring to the biblical King Nimrod. The Christian Bishop Eusebius of Caesarea as early as the early 4th century, noting that the Babylonian historian Berossus in the 3rd century BC had stated that the first king after the flood was Euechoios of Chaldea (in reality Chaldea was a small state historically not founded until the 9th century BC), identified him with Nimrod. Later, Esau (grandson of Abraham), ambushed, beheaded, and robbed Nimrod. The term "nimrod" is sometimes used in English to mean either a tyrant or a skillful hunter. The views of Hengstenberg are usually so correct, that the student may generally adopt them at once as his own. The Birs Cylinders are a series of clay cylinders dating to c. 600 b.c.e., discovered by Sir Henry Rawlinson during the mid-19th century at the Babylonian site of Borsippa. The Belus-Nimrod equation or link is also found in many old works such as Moses of Chorene and the Book of the Bee. tower that the legendary epic (dated to about 2300 b.c.e., according to biblical chronology) derived. If Abraham wins, I shall say: "I am of Abraham's [followers]", if Nimrod wins I shall say "I am of Nimrod's [followers]". No one but they gained power over it. The partial translation follows: Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon am I: In order to complete [the towers] Etemenanki and Eurmeiminanki, I mobilized all countries everywhere the base I filled in to make a high terrace. In some versions, Nimrod has his subjects gather wood for four whole years, so as to burn Abraham in the biggest bonfire the world had ever seen. [23] Ibrahim refutes him by stating that Allah brings the Sun up from the East, and so he asks the king to bring it from the West. A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 23:40. ( ", ), () He [Abraham] was given over to Nimrod. The "Pul" of 2 Kings 15:19, was by no means the founder of the monarchy, as Sir Isaac Newton and others have supposed; he was but one amidst those "servants of Bar," whose names are now legible on the Nimroud obelisk in the British Museum. These also were overcome by Semites who instituted the Old Babylonian Empire, which thrived in the time of the later kings. 26. [38], Julian Jaynes also indicates Tukulti-Ninurta I (a powerful king of the Middle Assyrian Empire) as the inspiration for Nimrod. No king named Nimrod or with a similar name appears anywhere on any pre-biblical, extra-biblical or historic Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian or Babylonian king list, nor does the name Nimrod appear in any other writings from Mesopotamia itself in any context whatsoever. This hollow clay cylinder is inscribed with cuneiform and records the achievements of Nebuchadnezzar II, the king of Babylon. [27][28], The Quran states, "Have you not considered him who had an argument with Abraham about his Lord, because God had given him the kingdom (i.e. 7 From this opinion we entirely dissent. Pictured above are mudbrick ruins of Nebuchadnezzar's city along with ancient wall lines and canals in modern day Iraq. Their Language. These stories are found among the worlds most far-reaching, diverse cultures. And Babylonia became weaker than the controlling Hittite and Egyptian kingdoms. Some rabbinic commentators have also connected the name Nimrod with a Hebrew word meaning 'rebel'. Such an event would result in some form of a tower of Babelconfusion of languages story being carried by separate cultures all over the world. : ! Sir Walter Raleigh devoted several pages in his History of the World (1614) to reciting past scholarship regarding the question of whether it had been Nimrod or Ashur who built the cities in Assyria.[5]. 8-10; I Chron. But these 600 b.c.e. The nickname 'Nimrod' was used mockingly in the 1914 novel by Robert Tressell in The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists. [2] Later extra-biblical traditions identified Nimrod as the ruler who commissioned the construction of the Tower of Babel, which led to his reputation as a king who was rebellious against God. voce Caldai'o", and other authorities quoted by Vaux, p. 41, etc., also Cicero de Divin. ), describes the building of a tower, a deity confounding languages, and a prescribed incantation to cause the language of the people to become as one! Borsippa today lies in ruins; however, the imposing remains of the ziggurat still tower to a height of 52 meters above the plain. [Abraham] said to him: And shall we worship the human, who withstands the wind? Since the city of Akkad was destroyed and lost with the destruction of its Empire in the period 22002154 BC (long chronology), the much later biblical stories mentioning Nimrod seem to recall the late Early Bronze Age. [53] However, it is in fact Daffy Duck who refers to Fudd as "my little Nimrod" in the 1948 short "What Makes Daffy Duck",[54] although Bugs Bunny does refer to Yosemite Sam as "the little Nimrod" in the 1951 short "Rabbit Every Monday". It had been under the control of various peoples and empires. After a period of Assyrian control, Babylon became self-governing again under Chaldean rule, and seized the reign of the known world. [Then] they took him and threw him into the furnace, and his belly opened and he died and predeceased Terach, his father. 9 c. 40 and 41, also Strabo, lib. The view of Gesenius in his Lectures at Halle in 1839, quoted in "The Times of Daniel," appears preferable, -- "The Chaldeans had their original seat on the east of the Tigris, south of Armenia, which we now call Koordistan; and, like the Koords in our day, they were warlike mountaineers, without agriculture, shepherds and robbers, and also mercenaries in the Assyrian army; so Xenophon found them." Among the ancient cities of the world, Nineveh is conspicuous for its grandeur. [46] The word Nibru in the East Semitic Akkadian language of Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia comes from a root meaning to 'pursue' or to make 'one flee', and as Rawlinson pointed out not only does this closely resemble Nimrod's name but it also perfectly fits the description of Nimrod in Genesis 10:9 as a great hunter. Ultimately, the site of Nebuchadnezzar's glorious city became a desolate desert ruin. [31], Although Nimrod's name is not specifically stated in the Quran, Islamic scholars hold that the "king" mentioned was him. ", "Surat Al-Baqarah [2:258] - The Noble Qur'an - ", "Ibn Kathir: Story of Prophet Ibrahim/Abraham (pbuh)", "Sammu-Ramat and Semiramis: The Inspiration and the Myth", "Enmerkar and the lord of Aratta: translation", Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad), ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nimrod&oldid=1140003548, Articles with incomplete citations from March 2017, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Imperial Aramaic (700-300 BCE)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles needing additional references from September 2021, All articles needing additional references, Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback via Module:Annotated link, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, In the Monster Hunter International series by, Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo. After the catastrophic failure (through God's will) of that most ambitious endeavour and in the midst of the confusion of tongues, Nimrd the giant moved to the land of Evilt, where his wife, Enh gave birth to twin brothers Hunor and Magyar (aka Magor). volume viii., and Winer's Chaldee Gr., Introd., also Adelung's Mithridat, th. The dates assigned to these events vary considerably; the following may be trusted as the result of careful comparison. An Assyrian inscription, written up to 200 years earlier (eighth century b.c.e. Sieb., also lib. The Etemenanki ziggurat (again, a likely parallel to the Borsippa tower) is also described by fifth-century b.c.e. In others, he proclaims himself a god and is worshipped as such by his subjects, sometimes with his consort Semiramis worshipped as a goddess at his side. Two Men from Babylon: Nebuchadnezzar, Trump, and the Lord of History 5 He died A.C. 695. Additionally, Enmerkar is said to have had ziggurats built in both Uruk and Eridu, which Rohl postulates was the site of the original Babel. See Prideaux's authorities, and his arrangement of the Assyrian kings, which differs slightly from that here adopted.
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