They can survive in brackish water as they filter salt. Land use in coastal area includes tourism, fishing, industry and transport. Disasters that often occur due to climate change and subsidence result in the destruction of coastal communities' property, loss of life, agricultural land cannot produce optimally, and tsunamis, tidal floods, and liquefaction are increasingly common. What are coastal engineering approaches designed to do? What factors influence the effects and response to tectonic activity? Case study - Dorset coastline - Coastal landforms - AQA - GCSE Geography Revision - AQA - BBC Bitesize GCSE AQA Coastal landforms Erosional landforms include headlands, bays, caves, arches,. This varied coastline is one of the Islands main assets. Low cost. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, people's homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. The study results show areas at high risk for earthquake, landslide, fire and flood disasters and disaster mitigation measures to reduce risks to hazard, vulnerability and resilience factors. A Series of Coasts Case studies and Information on Them Terms in this set (26) Why is Coastal Management Needed at Lyme Regis? They are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations. Coastal Management Use the images below to find out more about each case study. What are the effects of deforestation in the Amazon? Traditional approaches to coastal flood and erosion risk: hard and soft engineering. North Norfolk is a very good example of an area where the coast in under constant threat from erosion. Coastal barrage partly submerging dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. Impacts of Farming Practices on Carbon Budget, A-level geography case study - The Sundarbans, CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES - THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CL, Coastal Landforms and Landscapes of depositio, Coastal landforms and landscapes of erosion, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. . Lecture notes - A level geography: introduction to coasts 2. What are Mumbais social and economic opportunities? Management Factors Affecting the Production Level of Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed in the South Coastal Waters of South Sulawesi Province. 1.2 High Coasts Featuring Cliffs. It includes various methods like percolation tanks, and recharge wells among . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The anticipated cost of the coastal management plan is compared to the expected benefits of a scheme. If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. Soft engineering uses ecological principles and practices, which have less of a negative impact on the natural environment. Hire a Writer Username Email User ID: 102891 Our Professional Writers Are Our Pride EssayService boasts its wide writer catalog. 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Case Study of Coastal Erosion - Flamborough Head and Holderness Coast Background and the Problem of Erosion - The Holderness Coast is on the NE coast of the UK, facing the North Sea. The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated. The current coastal management plan is to hold the line at Hornsea. Coastal management aims to protect homes, businesses and the environment from erosion and flooding. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales, and there are 22 SMP's, Can you name any of the SMPs around the coastline of the UK. The department of geography and environmental studies of the University of South Africa recently played a pivotal role in implementing an inter- and multidisciplinary undergraduate programme in environmental management. Where are the areas of water deficit and surplus in the UK? As the negative impacts of many shoreline management plans (SMP) have become evident, sustainable integrated approaches are becoming more widely used. What are the three critical factors of an ICZM? This research starts from the phenomenon of climate change and increasing land subsidence in the coastal areas. (See figure below for an example of a large landslide on the Norfolk coast). Beach nourishment artificially replacing the sediment on the beach. How do changes affect the balance of an ecosystem? They can also act as flood barriers. Planting dead trees in the sand to stabilise dunes. Also, covering the face of dunes with bundles of straw, branches and even waste Christmas trees in some areas increases sand accretion and protects dune vegetation. From a physical geography perspective, the ICZM works with the concept of littoral cells. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Quizlet revision sets. What are the advantages and disadvantages of beach nourishment? The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. GCSE Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Edexcel A Level Geography Paper 1 9GE0 01 - 27 May 2022 [Exam Chat] A-level Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Does anyone know the 20 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; AQA Geography 2022 paper; Does anyone know the 20 & 9 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; flood management method case studies . Tuition fees. - It extends 60km from Flamborough in the north to Spurn Point in the south. It recognises that sediment eroded in one location may form a protective beach elsewhere. Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. Coastal Management: Hornsea There is up to 3m of erosion per year because the cliffs are formed from weak boulder clay The management protects tourist features such as arcades and hotels and creates a sandy beach. What problems are caused by global warming? In Phuket in Thailand, erosion has caused the loss of beaches. Processes and pathways of the water cycle, Processes and pathways of the carbon cycle, Changes in the carbon cycle: physical causes, Changes in the carbon cycle: Human causes, Erosion, transportation and deposition & Hjulstrm Curve, Plate tectonics theory, convection currents and sea-floor spreading, Measuring and Assessing Volcanic Activity. Monitoring coastal changes and then using adaptation or mitigation to respond to the observed differences. In addition, the size, strength and height of the individual structures are usually large, and the transportation cost of the materials involved in the construction is high. Create and find flashcards in record time. Hold the line - this is when coastal defences are built or maintained to protect a coastline against the impacts of sea level rise and . They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. How has the vegetation in the temperate deciduous forest adapted to the climate? The Barrier Reef became a marine park in 1975 and was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 (Dove et al, 2009). Fig. In 1896 the Council decided to link the two bays by the construction of a 1200 metre link road to be known as . Low-lying coastal areas are high-risk areas regarding sea-level rise (SLR) due to the combination of low elevation, subsidence and currently low sediment supply, on the one hand, and their high natural and socio-economic values, on the other. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Coastal management is the focus of several GCSE specifications while some require understanding of managed realignment. This is where fences are erected seaward of the dunes preventing trampling from recreational beach users. So, in order to manage the reef, a zoning programme has been implemented. ['This book explores current threats to, and consequences of, climate change on existing tourism coastal destinations. Lecture notes - Aqa/cie a level coastal landforms 3. Exam place: . What are some coastal management strategies? What are the different types of weathering? -0.66 marks will be deducted as negative marks for each wrong answer. It does not store any personal data. How does flooding affect humans and the environment? Lecture notes - Aqa/cie a level coastal processes 4. Studying with Academic Integrity. Food . Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management 3.1.3.6 Case studies Local coastal environment Case study Case study of a contrasting coastal landscape beyond the UK - Sunderbands . Natural ecosystems in Manila bay e.g. What does scenery formed by erosion look like? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The disadvantages are that erosion at the base of the structure can cause the installation to fail, they are not effective in stormy conditions and can make the beach inaccessible for tourists. Its becoming increasingly crucial for governments and individual councils to manage coastlines to protect them from coastal erosion and flooding due to changing sea levels. How have animals adapted to cold environments? However, it inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, (Dove et al, 2009 pp73). The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. These are holistic strategies; it is recognised that all the different sections of the coastline are interlinked and function together as a whole. For the last 12 years, I gained extensive experience not only in preparing and submitting scientific project applications to national and european funding as well as in managing and coordinating different research activities (e.g., scientific writing, statistical analysis, case . Contribution in this reseach that spatial multi-hazard consideration should be undertaken as a consideration of development policies in order to reduce . Level 3 Business Unit 4; Health And Social Care - Policy And Politics; Fluid Dynamics (32325) Advanced Software Engineering (CN7021) Family Law (LLBP 2023) . Bundles or rocks in metal mesh located at cliff bases. Human beings, plants and animals all use the coastline for different things. Integrated Coastal Zone Management dates from the 1992 Rio Earth Summit - manages the entire coastal zone, recognises the importance of the coastal zone to people's livelihoods, management must be sustainable. 2B.11 - Coastal Management - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL 2B.11 Coastal Management There are different approaches to managing the risks associated with coastal recession and flooding. -The Sundarbans in the SW Bangladesh and E India, on the delta of the Ganges, Brahruptura and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengali. CBSE Class 12 Geography 5 Marks Question. It was cheaper to protect Mappleton than construct a new route. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion, flooding, and rising sea levels. The landward retreat of the shoreline can be measured and described over a temporal scale of tides, seasons, and other short-term cyclic processes. Tunisia Case Study. The Holderness Coast is a great case study to use when examining coastal processes and the features associated with them. Because of this, there is a growing need to assess the integrated impact of SLR taking into account the interactions between physical and ecological . Human activities are the reefs biggest threat. 1.5 Coastal Management. Prevents cliff erosion as it absorbs wave energy. Each littoral cell is isolated from the adjacent cells and managed as a holistic unit. At t = 0 the charge on the capacitor is zero and the current is 2.00 A. Software: eCognition. In the case of humans, we use the coastline for agriculture, for fishing, for industry and power generation, for transport routes and for land upon which to live. These are highly visible solutions which help reassure coastal communities. Each SMP identifies all the natural and human activities that occur within the coastline area of each sediment cell. Sanctuary scholarships. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Part of the process is also to remove excess water from the cliff so that it is discouraged from flowing along areas of weakness. The cliffs are predominantly made from soft sand and clays, meaning that they are extremely vulnerable to erosion by waves as well as slumping caused by rainwater. Requires maintenance and can be expensive. (See appendix 1, 2 and 3 for SMP maps). Difficulty level: Moderate. What is the location and importance of Mumbai? Book Description This book applies cost-benefit analysis techniques in the management of environment and natural resources in developing countries of the Southeast Asian region and presents a compendium of studies conducted by researchers supported by the Economy and . Planting non-native species can affect the nutrients in the soil. How has rainforest vegetation adapted to the climate? Hard engineering involves building structures to protect the coast by using concrete, stone and steel. Odisha case study Coastal Systems and Landscapes Revision AQA Geography Coasts Revision ON EVERYTHING Teacher recommended coasts notes edexcel geography 2018 Coast, Water cycle and Insecurity case studies Emerging Powers Superpower predictions 2050 Superpowers India Geography Unit 3 pre-release As a result of the rapid urbanisation in China, the ecological system in urban areas has become fragmented, posing a threat to ecological stability. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Physical Geography . Cost-wise they are not too expensive, 150250 (depending on material). This research aims to develop a GIS-based model that can inform urban ecological network construction and . This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. 6 - Rip rap at Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Lecture notes - A-level geography notes: coral reefs 5. The reef is a vitally important area, firstly in terms of conserving the diverse wildlife and ecosystem that is there and secondly because it provides major security benefits to coastal communities and provides significant income for Australias economy in the form of tourism (http://www.wwf.org.au). Creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. Boulders were put in front of the sea wall to give it more protection and the beach was replenished with extra sand. Reasons for management The. Intense erosion means the coastline is only 50m from the main road. Earthquakes Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. Structure of ecosystems, energy flows, trophic levels, food chains and food webs, Characteristics of the Tropical Equatorial Rainforest, Nutrient Cycle in the Equatorial Rainforest, Ecological responses to the climate and soil moisture budget adaptations by vegetation and animals, River Processes: erosion, transportation and deposition & Hjulstrm Curve. HSK Level 4: B2, Upper-Intermediate [1.200 Characters]. The areas where there is a policy of hold the line is where the coast is primarily given over to important areas of industry, settlement and conservation. - Coastline mainly made up of cliffs (20-30m high), made of soft, easily eroded . Inexpensive hard engineering structure, but not very effective or attractive. Siloso beach is a high tourist attraction and the breakwaters have been used and integrated in tourist attractions such as 'MegaZip'. The coast is a dynamic environment that is vulnerable to a range of physical processes and each case needs to be considered individually with a view to changing policies over time. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. In conclusion, it has been shown by this essay that managing the coast is a complicated process that needs to be flexible enough to take into account a variety of interests and conflicts. . The sediment cells are closed for the purposes of management, although there will be some exchanges between the different sediment cells. retain existing coastline maintain current deferences, upgrade or install new ones, it may not be technically, environmentally or economically possible to do coastal defence work, this is used to manage the rate and process by which the coast retreats, build new defences seaward, in front of the land, to protect the land behind, 3 Break waters were installed at Siloso Beach, Singapore. How reliable are economic indicators of development? This varied coastline is one of the Islands main assets. What are the different types of coastal management? Constructing ecological networks is considered a critical strategy to reconnect habitats, restore ecosystems and improve ecological capacity. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Sustainable development in the desert The Great Green Wall. case study of Brussels. In an oscillating LC circuit, L = 3.00 mH and C = 2.70 \muF. Slanted structures made from concrete, wood or rocks along a cliff. Jamaica Case Study, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? What are the differences in global calorie intake and food supply? Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? Each question is of 2 marks. It usually involves extreme locations in terms of tides and waves; this inevitably makes construction difficult. -Mangrove forests: collect sediments and slow down water flow, helping to mitigate against erosion. Which landforms result from moving or melting ice? This chapter reviews the marine and coastal management systems in operation in Ireland, Romania, Spain and France. This programme prepares students for entry-level occupations, and equips them with the knowledge, skills and values needed to contribute to sustainable development. How important are water and carbon to life on Earth? How does food insecurity affect the environment? No active intervention means that it permits natural systems to modify the coastline as they are currently operating. What are the causes of deforestation in the Amazon? These effects can be positive or negative. Where are Temperate Deciduous Woodlands Located? What is the structure of the Temperate Deciduous Woodland? How has the growth of Lagos caused inequality? The coastline is a used environment. There are two contrasting approaches to coastal management. How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? And here are some common types of soft engineering. A-level Geography; Year 13; Dorset - case study of a UK coastal landscape. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Study Notes: Coastal Systems & Landscapes Revision for A-Level Geography & IB Last updated 4 Jan 2023 Revision study notes on key features of the coastal systems and landscapes topic for A-Level Geography and IB Geography. 1) Abrasion - The waves are carrying material which is thrown into the cliff at high speed. Why does the coastline need to be managed? The most striking feature of the town's geography is a headland pointing eastward into the North Sea which separates the sea front into a North Bay and a South Bay. The reason for coastal management is to protect homes and businesses from the devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion. 2B.11A - Hard Engineering 2B.11B - Soft Engineering 2B.11C - Sustainable Management (4 Marks) d) Explain why people visit coastal areas. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. Soft engineering is a more sustainable management strategy than hard engineering because it has a lower environmental impact and economic cost. A case study of a sparsely populated area Himalayan Mountains, A case study of a densely populated area Greater London. 3: Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SvetiRok.jpg) by Antonio Canfora (no profile) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. A Level regeneration case studies. Cost and benefits may be tangible (monetary value) or intangible (other effects such as visual impact). Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. Economic opportunities and challenges in Lagos. This will mean eventually that Happisburgh will be at the mercy of the sea and by 2105 a substantial amount of land, businesses and properties will be lost (ibid). Create your own unique website with customizable templates. It can have a stepped or bullnose profile. Subscribe OCR A Level Geography View More Topics Hard: Sea walls, Rock armour, Promenade Groynes Coastal management is effective in that whichever method is chosen as a management approach protects homes and businesses from being damaged and even destroyed by coastal erosion or flooding. Zoning is divided into seven types; a General Use Zone, A Habitat Protection Zone, A Conservation Zone, a Buffer Zone, a Scientific Research Zone, a Marine Park Zone and a Preservation Zone. The map below shows a range of management strategies and the impact these are having further along the coast. Ans: How is a cold environment interdependent? Mangroves are non-native to some areas and can become invasive. There are four types of erosion (exactly the same as in our rivers topic!) Dunes are a barrier to beach access and creating new dunes results in a land loss. They can have a step or bullnose profile. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale.